"freeman" meaning in All languages combined

See freeman on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈfɹiː.mən/, /ˈfɹiːˌmæn/ Audio: EN-AU ck1 freeman.ogg [Australia] Forms: freemen [plural]
Etymology: From Old English frēomann, equivalent to free + -man and paralleled by similar constructions in other Germanic languages. Doublet of preman. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|ang|frēomann}} Old English frēomann, {{suffix|en|free|man}} free + -man, {{doublet|en|preman}} Doublet of preman Head templates: {{en-noun|freemen}} freeman (plural freemen)
  1. A free person, particularly:
    (usually historical) A person who is not a serf or slave.
    Tags: historical, usually Translations (person who is not a serf or slave): vapaa [adjective] (Finnish), vapaa mies (Finnish), homme libre [masculine] (French), Kerl [masculine] (German), człowiek wolny [masculine] (Polish), во́льный (vólʹnyj) [masculine] (Russian), mwanangwa [class-1] (Tumbuka)
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-hJBWIERh Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 32 0 21 19 28 0 Disambiguation of 'person who is not a serf or slave': 46 10 11 12 11 10
  2. A free person, particularly:
    (historical) A burgher with full freedom of a city, as opposed to nobles, outsiders, bondsmen, and others.
    Tags: historical Hypernyms: citizen, burgher, burgess, resident, person
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-RT3sV8ER
  3. A free person, particularly:
    A person who has received an honorary freedom of a city.
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-uvdeK7Ed Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 32 0 21 19 28 0
  4. A free person, particularly:
    (usually as two words) A person who is a citizen of a free country, as opposed to a subject of a tyranny or totalitarian dictatorship.
    Tags: usually Translations (person who is a citizen of a free country): во́льны чалаве́к (vólʹny čalavjék) [masculine] (Belarusian), 自由民 (zìyóumín) (Chinese Mandarin), vapaan maan kansalainen (Finnish), בֶּן חוֹרִין (ben ẖorín) [masculine] (Hebrew), 自由民 (jiyūmin) (alt: じゆうみん) (Japanese), 自由人 (jiyūjin) (alt: じゆうじん) (Japanese), 자유민 (jayumin) (alt: 自由民) (Korean), 자유인 (jayuin) (alt: 自由人) (Korean), wolny obywatel [masculine] (Polish), wolna obywatelka [feminine] (Polish), свобо́дный челове́к (svobódnyj čelovék) [masculine] (Russian), ві́льна люди́на (vílʹna ljudýna) [feminine] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-FibLO3QE Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 32 0 21 19 28 0 Disambiguation of 'person who is a citizen of a free country': 9 18 8 48 8 9
  5. A free person, particularly:
    (Australia, historical) A person who immigrated to Australia freely, as opposed to those transported as convicts, or such a transported convict who has regained his freedom.
    Tags: Australia, historical
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-BCcWnpDP Categories (other): Australian English, People Disambiguation of People: 32 0 21 19 28 0
  6. A free person, particularly:
    (US and Canada, historical) An independent furtaker.
    Tags: Canada, US, historical Hypernyms: furtaker, person
    Sense id: en-freeman-en-noun-en:independent_furtaker Categories (other): American English, Canadian English, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -man, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Tumbuka translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 4 21 5 8 16 47 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -man: 5 15 9 12 12 47 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 3 17 6 11 16 47 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 1 17 3 5 19 56 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 16 2 5 16 59 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 3 12 6 14 13 52 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 3 12 6 14 13 52 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 2 12 6 10 15 54 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 3 14 6 11 13 53 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 3 11 5 10 17 55 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 3 11 5 9 13 58 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 3 11 5 10 17 55 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 2 18 4 10 18 48 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 3 13 7 14 14 49 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 3 11 5 9 13 58 Disambiguation of Terms with Tumbuka translations: 3 10 5 10 17 57 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 13 14 13 13 15 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: freemanlike, freeman on the land, freeman's, freemanship, freeman's key, freeman's quay, Harry Freeman's, nonfreeman

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freemanlike"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freeman on the land"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freeman's"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freemanship"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freeman's key"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "freeman's quay"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Harry Freeman's"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nonfreeman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "frēomann"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English frēomann",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "free",
        "3": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "free + -man",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "preman"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of preman",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English frēomann, equivalent to free + -man and paralleled by similar constructions in other Germanic languages. Doublet of preman.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "freemen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "freemen"
      },
      "expansion": "freeman (plural freemen)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonfreeman"
        },
        {
          "word": "slave"
        },
        {
          "word": "bondsman"
        },
        {
          "word": "serf"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 0 21 19 28 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              220,
              227
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1997 [1797], David W. Blight, “Editor's Introduction: The Peculiar Dialogue Between Caleb Bingham and Frederick Douglass”, in Caleb Bingham, edited by David W. Blight, The Columbian Orator, Bicentennial Edition (1997 republishing), New York University Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "[Editor David W. Blight said:] Deeply in need of father figures and spiritual hope, and “religiously seeking knowledge,” as he recalled it, the slave boy [the young Frederick Douglass] turned to a religious black man, a freeman named Charles Lawson, who worked as a drayman for a rope maker and lived on Happy Alley in Fells Point. Frederick spent countless hours with Lawson in the drayman’s shack reading the bible aloud, singing hymns, and praying together. “I could teach him the letter, but he could teach me the spirit,” Douglass remembered. Throughout his life Douglass would teach his teachers and learn from them at the same time. From old Lawson he gained […] above all […] a belief in a benevolent and protective God, the faith that his “life was under the guidance of a wisdom higher than my own.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who is not a serf or slave."
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-hJBWIERh",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "serf",
          "serf"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(usually historical) A person who is not a serf or slave."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "adjective"
          ],
          "word": "vapaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "word": "vapaa mies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "homme libre"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kerl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "człowiek wolny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "vólʹnyj",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "во́льный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "46 10 11 12 11 10",
          "code": "tum",
          "lang": "Tumbuka",
          "lang_code": "tum",
          "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
          "tags": [
            "class-1"
          ],
          "word": "mwanangwa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A burgher with full freedom of a city, as opposed to nobles, outsiders, bondsmen, and others."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "citizen"
        },
        {
          "word": "burgher"
        },
        {
          "word": "burgess"
        },
        {
          "word": "resident"
        },
        {
          "word": "person"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-RT3sV8ER",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "burgher",
          "burgher"
        ],
        [
          "full",
          "full"
        ],
        [
          "freedom of a city",
          "freedom of the city"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "noble",
          "noble"
        ],
        [
          "outsider",
          "outsider"
        ],
        [
          "bondsmen",
          "bondsmen"
        ],
        [
          "others",
          "others"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(historical) A burgher with full freedom of a city, as opposed to nobles, outsiders, bondsmen, and others."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 0 21 19 28 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who has received an honorary freedom of a city."
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-uvdeK7Ed",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "has",
          "has"
        ],
        [
          "received",
          "received"
        ],
        [
          "honorary",
          "honorary"
        ],
        [
          "freedom of a city",
          "freedom of the city"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "A person who has received an honorary freedom of a city."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 0 21 19 28 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1836, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., “Poetry: A Metrical Essay”, republished in The Poems of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, 1862, OCLC 5091562, pages 7–8",
          "text": "There breathes no being but has some pretence / To that fine instinct called poetic sense; […] / The freeman, casting with unpurchased hand / The vote that shakes the turrets of the land."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who is a citizen of a free country, as opposed to a subject of a tyranny or totalitarian dictatorship."
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-FibLO3QE",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "citizen",
          "citizen"
        ],
        [
          "free country",
          "free country"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "tyranny",
          "tyranny"
        ],
        [
          "totalitarian",
          "totalitarian"
        ],
        [
          "dictatorship",
          "dictatorship"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(usually as two words) A person who is a citizen of a free country, as opposed to a subject of a tyranny or totalitarian dictatorship."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as two words"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "lang_code": "be",
          "roman": "vólʹny čalavjék",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "во́льны чалаве́к"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "zìyóumín",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "自由民"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "vapaan maan kansalainen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "lang_code": "he",
          "roman": "ben ẖorín",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "בֶּן חוֹרִין"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "alt": "じゆうみん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "jiyūmin",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "自由民"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "alt": "じゆうじん",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "jiyūjin",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "自由人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "alt": "自由民",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "roman": "jayumin",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "자유민"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "alt": "自由人",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "roman": "jayuin",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "word": "자유인"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "wolny obywatel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "wolna obywatelka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "svobódnyj čelovék",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "свобо́дный челове́к"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "9 18 8 48 8 9",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "lang_code": "uk",
          "roman": "vílʹna ljudýna",
          "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ві́льна люди́на"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Australian English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 0 21 19 28 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who immigrated to Australia freely, as opposed to those transported as convicts, or such a transported convict who has regained his freedom."
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-BCcWnpDP",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "immigrate",
          "immigrate"
        ],
        [
          "Australia",
          "Australia"
        ],
        [
          "freely",
          "freely"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "those",
          "those"
        ],
        [
          "transport",
          "transport"
        ],
        [
          "convict",
          "convict"
        ],
        [
          "such",
          "such"
        ],
        [
          "transport",
          "transport"
        ],
        [
          "convict",
          "convict"
        ],
        [
          "regain",
          "regain"
        ],
        [
          "freedom",
          "freedom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(Australia, historical) A person who immigrated to Australia freely, as opposed to those transported as convicts, or such a transported convict who has regained his freedom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "American English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Canadian English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 5 8 16 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 15 9 12 12 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -man",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 17 6 11 16 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 17 3 5 19 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 16 2 5 16 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 12 6 14 13 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 12 6 14 13 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 12 6 10 15 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 14 6 11 13 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 5 10 17 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 5 9 13 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 5 10 17 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 18 4 10 18 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 13 7 14 14 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 5 9 13 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 10 5 10 17 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tumbuka translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 14 13 13 15 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "An independent furtaker."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "furtaker"
        },
        {
          "word": "person"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-freeman-en-noun-en:independent_furtaker",
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "independent",
          "independent"
        ],
        [
          "furtaker",
          "furtaker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(US and Canada, historical) An independent furtaker."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:independent furtaker"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "US",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɹiː.mən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɹiːˌmæn/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "EN-AU ck1 freeman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "freeman"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -man",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Tumbuka translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "freemanlike"
    },
    {
      "word": "freeman on the land"
    },
    {
      "word": "freeman's"
    },
    {
      "word": "freemanship"
    },
    {
      "word": "freeman's key"
    },
    {
      "word": "freeman's quay"
    },
    {
      "word": "Harry Freeman's"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonfreeman"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "frēomann"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English frēomann",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "free",
        "3": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "free + -man",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "preman"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of preman",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English frēomann, equivalent to free + -man and paralleled by similar constructions in other Germanic languages. Doublet of preman.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "freemen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "freemen"
      },
      "expansion": "freeman (plural freemen)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "nonfreeman"
        },
        {
          "word": "slave"
        },
        {
          "word": "bondsman"
        },
        {
          "word": "serf"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              220,
              227
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1997 [1797], David W. Blight, “Editor's Introduction: The Peculiar Dialogue Between Caleb Bingham and Frederick Douglass”, in Caleb Bingham, edited by David W. Blight, The Columbian Orator, Bicentennial Edition (1997 republishing), New York University Press, →ISBN:",
          "text": "[Editor David W. Blight said:] Deeply in need of father figures and spiritual hope, and “religiously seeking knowledge,” as he recalled it, the slave boy [the young Frederick Douglass] turned to a religious black man, a freeman named Charles Lawson, who worked as a drayman for a rope maker and lived on Happy Alley in Fells Point. Frederick spent countless hours with Lawson in the drayman’s shack reading the bible aloud, singing hymns, and praying together. “I could teach him the letter, but he could teach me the spirit,” Douglass remembered. Throughout his life Douglass would teach his teachers and learn from them at the same time. From old Lawson he gained […] above all […] a belief in a benevolent and protective God, the faith that his “life was under the guidance of a wisdom higher than my own.”",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who is not a serf or slave."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "serf",
          "serf"
        ],
        [
          "slave",
          "slave"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(usually historical) A person who is not a serf or slave."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A burgher with full freedom of a city, as opposed to nobles, outsiders, bondsmen, and others."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "citizen"
        },
        {
          "word": "burgher"
        },
        {
          "word": "burgess"
        },
        {
          "word": "resident"
        },
        {
          "word": "person"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "burgher",
          "burgher"
        ],
        [
          "full",
          "full"
        ],
        [
          "freedom of a city",
          "freedom of the city"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "noble",
          "noble"
        ],
        [
          "outsider",
          "outsider"
        ],
        [
          "bondsmen",
          "bondsmen"
        ],
        [
          "others",
          "others"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(historical) A burgher with full freedom of a city, as opposed to nobles, outsiders, bondsmen, and others."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who has received an honorary freedom of a city."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "has",
          "has"
        ],
        [
          "received",
          "received"
        ],
        [
          "honorary",
          "honorary"
        ],
        [
          "freedom of a city",
          "freedom of the city"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "A person who has received an honorary freedom of a city."
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1836, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., “Poetry: A Metrical Essay”, republished in The Poems of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, 1862, OCLC 5091562, pages 7–8",
          "text": "There breathes no being but has some pretence / To that fine instinct called poetic sense; […] / The freeman, casting with unpurchased hand / The vote that shakes the turrets of the land."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who is a citizen of a free country, as opposed to a subject of a tyranny or totalitarian dictatorship."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "citizen",
          "citizen"
        ],
        [
          "free country",
          "free country"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "subject",
          "subject"
        ],
        [
          "tyranny",
          "tyranny"
        ],
        [
          "totalitarian",
          "totalitarian"
        ],
        [
          "dictatorship",
          "dictatorship"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(usually as two words) A person who is a citizen of a free country, as opposed to a subject of a tyranny or totalitarian dictatorship."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as two words"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Australian English",
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "A person who immigrated to Australia freely, as opposed to those transported as convicts, or such a transported convict who has regained his freedom."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "immigrate",
          "immigrate"
        ],
        [
          "Australia",
          "Australia"
        ],
        [
          "freely",
          "freely"
        ],
        [
          "as opposed to",
          "as opposed to"
        ],
        [
          "those",
          "those"
        ],
        [
          "transport",
          "transport"
        ],
        [
          "convict",
          "convict"
        ],
        [
          "such",
          "such"
        ],
        [
          "transport",
          "transport"
        ],
        [
          "convict",
          "convict"
        ],
        [
          "regain",
          "regain"
        ],
        [
          "freedom",
          "freedom"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(Australia, historical) A person who immigrated to Australia freely, as opposed to those transported as convicts, or such a transported convict who has regained his freedom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Australia",
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "American English",
        "Canadian English",
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A free person",
        "An independent furtaker."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "furtaker"
        },
        {
          "word": "person"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "free",
          "free"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ],
        [
          "particularly",
          "particularly"
        ],
        [
          "independent",
          "independent"
        ],
        [
          "furtaker",
          "furtaker"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "A free person, particularly:",
        "(US and Canada, historical) An independent furtaker."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:independent furtaker"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "US",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɹiː.mən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɹiːˌmæn/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "EN-AU ck1 freeman.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/EN-AU_ck1_freeman.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Australia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "vapaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "word": "vapaa mies"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "homme libre"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kerl"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "człowiek wolny"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "vólʹnyj",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "во́льный"
    },
    {
      "code": "tum",
      "lang": "Tumbuka",
      "lang_code": "tum",
      "sense": "person who is not a serf or slave",
      "tags": [
        "class-1"
      ],
      "word": "mwanangwa"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "roman": "vólʹny čalavjék",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "во́льны чалаве́к"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "zìyóumín",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "自由民"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "vapaan maan kansalainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "ben ẖorín",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "בֶּן חוֹרִין"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じゆうみん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "jiyūmin",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "自由民"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じゆうじん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "jiyūjin",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "自由人"
    },
    {
      "alt": "自由民",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "jayumin",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "자유민"
    },
    {
      "alt": "自由人",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "jayuin",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "word": "자유인"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "wolny obywatel"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "wolna obywatelka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "svobódnyj čelovék",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "свобо́дный челове́к"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "vílʹna ljudýna",
      "sense": "person who is a citizen of a free country",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ві́льна люди́на"
    }
  ],
  "word": "freeman"
}

Download raw JSONL data for freeman meaning in All languages combined (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (be32728 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.